Living in Japan — Do I Really Have to Pay Pension?
Many people who move to Japan might not realize that "pension" isn't just something old people pay — it's a social insurance system that everyone aged 20–60 must pay into, regardless of nationality.
Japan's pension system is called "Kokumin Nenkin" (国民年金), or the National Pension. If you've been in Japan for more than 3 months, you must enroll and start paying.
So what is it exactly? The "pension" here is money the government pays back to you when you turn 65, provided you've paid in for at least 10 years. You pay now so you can receive it when you're old.
But what if I don't plan to live in Japan until I'm old?
You've got two options:
1. Leaving Japan? You can get a refund!
It's called the Lump-sum Withdrawal Payment. You can apply for it after returning to your home country, within 2 years of leaving the system. You'll get some of it back (but not the full amount).
2. Stay long-term and collect when you're old.
Stay in the system, pay for at least 10 years, and you can start receiving your pension at age 65 — even if you've moved back to Thailand by then.
How much is it per month?
As of 2025, it's approximately ¥16,980 per month. (The government offers reduced rates if your income is low or if you're a student.)
Can I just not pay?
Highly not recommended. It's a legal obligation. If you don't pay, it can affect your visa renewal and other benefits such as disability compensation, illness benefits, or survivor's benefits.
In summary
Japan's pension isn't money thrown away — it's "insurance for your future." Whether you plan to stay long-term or return to Thailand, you're entitled to get some of it back. Know the system, and you'll feel more confident planning your life in Japan.